The four basic types of stucco:
Hardcoat Stucco is a cement-based material typically composed of Portland cement, sand, lime, and water. This type is most common in residential and commercial applications, valued for its durability, fire resistance, and solid finish. It is usually applied in multiple layers (three-coat system) and can be installed over various substrates.
Synthetic stucco, known as Exterior Insulation and Finish System (EIFS), uses a base of foam insulation panels instead of conventional cement mixtures. The system is lighter and offers better insulation properties. Instead of multiple thick coats, EIFS uses thinner, flexible layers with fiberglass mesh for reinforcement, and a final synthetic finish coat.
Acrylic stucco incorporates acrylic resins into the mixture, giving it increased flexibility and resistance to cracking over traditional stucco. It is more breathable than synthetic stucco and offers a wider range of color options. Acrylic stucco is chosen for lower maintenance and increased durability against fading and stains.
DEFS stucco stands for Direct Applied Exterior Finish System. It is a type of durable, weather-resistant exterior wall cladding that uses traditional stucco made from cementitious material. Unlike EIFS (Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems), which uses synthetic stucco with an insulated base and drainage layers, DEFS applies the stucco finish directly to cement board or other substrates like sheathing or concrete, often with a water-resistant barrier. DEFS systems are typically used on soffits, screen walls, parapets, and foundations. DEFS and acrylic stucco are similar.
Inspecting Stucco:
Bear in mind that materials and installation methods vary among stucco manufacturers, and both may change at any time. Some components will not be visible once installation is complete. Even recognizing the basic tmype of stucco can be tricky.
Many, many homes across N. America have had stucco installed incorrectly. When this happens, moisture trapped behind the stucco can reach a concentration in which decay fungi become active and severe damage can result. In some cases, all stucco must be removed a new exterior wall-covering installed.
This makes stucco inspection high-liability. You don’t want to be the inspector who misses a bad installation and gets sued for the cost of removing the existing stucco, its disposal, and application of a new exterior wall covering.
Consider disclaiming stucco!